فعل ماضی — جمع مذکر غائب

In the last lesson we learned the 3rd person masculine singular past tense (e.g. khalaqa — he created). When the action is done by more than one man, the verb changes form.

To form the 3rd person masculine plural past tense, add "-ū" (وْا) to the end of the verb — e.g. kafara (he disbelieved) becomes kafarū (they disbelieved), and qāla (he said) becomes qālū (they said).

This form appears extremely often in the Qur'an, especially as alladhīna kafarū (those who disbelieved) and qālū (they said) — since the Qur'an frequently describes the sayings and deeds of groups of people.